Here are two routers connected through point-to-point , Configured for use ppp The agreement doesn't work right away , But through the following three steps .
LCP The protocol is used to negotiate some parameters of the port , For example, the maximum receiving unit supported by the router port is 2000, Require authentication ,PAP It is the authentication of account password plaintext transmission .
Then the opposite port returns the message , To tell the sender whether these parameters are supported
, If parameter return is not supported NCK message , The sender sends the modified parameters to the opposite port , Send confirmation message to the opposite port , That's a good deal .
CP Negotiation is also used PPP Frame of , But the information part is not IP message ,
The information part is the negotiation parameters, as shown above .(LCP Message is PPP Frame of , When LCP When negotiating , The protocol field is 0xC021, It represents the information part, which is not the data of the network layer , It is the content of negotiation parameters , You can see that the fields are different , Frames represent different types of messages )
There are codes in the information section code, Different codes represent different content .
Finally, there is the data part , Type length included , Sum value .
When LCP After negotiating the parameters of the message, the authentication starts , The fields of the authentication message need to be changed . It means that this is the content of authentication .
You can negotiate without authentication PAP The certification phase can be removed .
NCP stage ：NCP Is a general term . Network configuration protocol , If it is specific TCP/IP So it's IPCP Negotiation stage . Once the authentication is passed, the network parameters are negotiated , Negotiation between the two sides IP Is the address correct . Interface will own IP Address sent to the peer interface , Interface to interface inspection IP Address conflict , And also at a network end , Then give it a confirmation .
These are the three stages above . Negotiate parameters first LCP-------> Authentication PAP---------> Address negotiation IPCP.
These are all negotiated , To transfer the above network layer protocol .
Negotiation parameters LCP
ppp Two kinds of authentication supported by the protocol PAP authentication
pap Authentication is based on account and password , This account password is transmitted in clear text on the Internet
ppp Two kinds of authentication supported by the protocol PAP authentication
IPCP consult
Authentication passed , Then we should negotiate IP Address , If both ends are static IP address , The address will be sent to the opposite end . Two addresses do not conflict , And in a network segment , Then it's legal . The opposite end will return a confirmation message .
IP Address auto configuration
ppp The protocol supports automatic address assignment , Computer dial-up Internet access , Assign a computer to an operator IP address , This is automatic address assignment .
Packet capture is as follows ： It can be seen that we have to go through the first three stages , The network is unblocked in the back , It's inside IP data packet . Otherwise, the network layer cannot transmit data .
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